Use of the Wigner-Ville distribution in interpreting and identifying ULF waves in triaxial magnetic records

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Mathematical Geophysics: Spectral Analysis (3205, 3280), Magnetospheric Physics: Instruments And Techniques, Magnetospheric Physics: Mhd Waves And Instabilities (2149, 6050, 7836), Mathematical Geophysics: Time Series Analysis (1872, 4277, 4475), Computational Geophysics: Data Analysis: Algorithms And Implementation

Scientific paper

Magnetospheric ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves (f = 1 mHz to 1 Hz) exhibit highly time-dependent characteristics due to the dynamic properties of these waves and, for observations in space, the spacecraft motion. These time-dependent features may not be properly resolved by conventional Fourier techniques. In this study we examine how the Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) can be used to analyze ULF waves. We find that this approach has unique advantages over the conventional Fourier spectrograms and wavelet scalograms. In particular, for Pc1 wave packets, field line/cavity mode resonances in the Pc 3-4 band, and Pi2 pulsations, the start and end times of each wave packet can be well identified and the frequency better defined. In addition, we demonstrate that the Wigner-Ville distribution can be used to calculate the polarization of wave signals in triaxial magnetic field data in a way analogous to Fourier analysis. Motivated by the large amount of ULF wave observations, we have also developed a WVD-based algorithm to identify ULF waves as a way to facilitate the rapid processing of the data collected by satellite missions and the vast network of ground magnetometers.

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