Experimental and computational results for 1054-nm laser-induced shock effects in confined meteorite and metallic targets

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When a single-pulse high-power laser irradiates a surface at atmospheric pressure, a laser supported detonation (LSD) wave can form above the target surface. The high-pressure gas behind the LSD wave transfers momentum to the target. The laser target coupling is substantially reduced in vacuum, the coupling coefficient typically being an order of magnitude less than that when an atmosphere is present. Another pressure enhancement technique is to confine the laser-target interface. Confinement or 'tamping' also can substantially increase the momentum coupling to the target. Experiments tend to differ from one another based on the target size (thickness) and confinement geometry. This work describes and compares some experimental results for metallic targets irradiated by 1054 nm radiation in the GW/cm2 range and interprets them in terms of simple models. As will be discussed in this paper, such models predict a weak sensitivity to target materials but results are likely to be different for inhomogeneous materials as has been seen in recent experiments on iron-nickel and stony meteorites.

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