Development of an Automatic Program to Analyze Sunspot Groups on White Light Images using OpenCV

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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[7519] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Flares, [7900] Space Weather, [7924] Space Weather / Forecasting, Data Assimilation

Scientific paper

Sunspots usually appear in a group which can be classified by certain morphological criteria. In this study we examine the moments which are statistical parameters computed by summing over every pixels of contours, for quantifying the morphological characteristics of a sunspot group. The moments can be another additional characteristics to the sunspot group classification such as McIntosh classification. We are developing a program for image processing, detection of contours and computation of the moments using white light full disk images from Big Bear Solar Observatory. We apply the program to count the sunspot number from 530 white light images in 2003. The sunspot numbers obtained by the program are compared with those by SIDC. The comparison shows that they have a good correlation (r=84%). We are extending this application to automatic sunspot classification (e.g., McIntosh classification) and flare forecasting.

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