Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2011
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011agufm.p42c..07c&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2011, abstract #P42C-07
Mathematics
Logic
[5480] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Volcanism, [8429] Volcanology / Lava Rheology And Morphology, [8450] Volcanology / Planetary Volcanism
Scientific paper
In planetary sciences, morphometry is commonly used to estimate the rheological properties and emplacement parameters of lava. In experimental volcanology, the physical properties of lava flows are studied by measuring the strength of the solidified rock, the viscosity of the molten rock, and in-situ viscosity measurements during crystallisation. Here we present a test the two methods on single lava flow and evaluate whether the viscosity obtained from geometrical parameters is similar to that measured with experimental methods. Our study focuses on postglacial lava flows of the Western Volcanic Zone (Iceland) as analogs to basaltic lava flows on Mars. The geometrical parameters have been estimated from high-resolution Digital Elevation Models obtained with the airborne HRSC-AX camera (akin to the High Resolution Stereo Camera on ESA`s Mars Express spacecraft). Morphometric parameters are averaged from 100 profiles along the distal part of the flow, giving a viscosity estimation of 106 Pa s and yield strength of 103.7 Pa. Direct viscosity measurements of samples collected along the lava flow are made via the concentric cylinder method and completed using empirical models. The apparent viscosity of the lava is obained by combining the observed effects of crystals and the viscosity of the interstitial melt. Preliminary results indicate that the viscosity at the maximum crystal packing is 105.7 Pa s. This corresponds to the value as the flow ceases and defines flow morphology. In conclusion, we discuss the reliability of viscosity estimations from the observed topography.
Chevrel M. O.
Dingwell Donald B.
Hauber Ernst
Le Deit Laetitia
Platz Thomas
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