Computer Science
Scientific paper
Apr 1988
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1988e%26psl..88...37r&link_type=abstract
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 88, Issue 1-2, p. 37-46.
Computer Science
33
Scientific paper
This paper presents a simple dynamical model for melting and trace element distribution in the Hawaiian mantle plume. I model the plume as a partially molten stagnation point flow against the oceanic lithosphere, and obtain solutions for the temperature, melt migration rate, and trace element concentration within it. Trace element concentrations in the melt exceed simple batch melting predictions by up to 70%. The magnitude of this effect depends strongly on the solid-melt partition coefficient K. Trace elements with different K therefore experience a ``dynamical fractionation'' within the plume, and incompatible trace element ratios such as La/Ce always exceed the batch melting predictions. I suggest a simple model for plume-lithosphere interaction in which melts from these two sources mix in proportions determined by thermodynamic constraints. The model can explain the composition of basalts from Haleakala if the degree of melting of the lithosphere F1 decreases with time from roughly 10% for tholeiites to 2% for alkalic basalts. These values are considerably higher than previous estimates of F1 < 1%, and imply correspondingly smaller and more realistic values (~ 10 km) for the thickness of the melted part of the lithosphere. Partial melting of additional depleted sources such as the asthenosphere is therefore not required by the Haleakala data. Estimates of F1 are highly sensitive to the values chosen for the partition coefficients, however, and should therefore be interpreted with caution.
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