Other
Scientific paper
Nov 1990
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1990rpsct...3...33i&link_type=abstract
In its JPRS Report: Science and Technology. USSR: Space p 33 (SEE N91-20154 12-12) Transl. into ENGLISH from Kosmicheskiye Issle
Other
Solar Radiation, Superrotation, Temperature Gradients, Turbulent Flow, Venus Atmosphere, Zonal Flow (Meteorology), Atmospheric Heating, Planetary Rotation, Radiation Absorption, Stratification, Time Temperature Parameter, Upper Atmosphere, Venus (Planet), Viscosity
Scientific paper
In the Venusian lower and middle latitudes, a considerable part of the atmospheric rotation out-paces planetary rotation (superrotation). This superrotation develops and is maintained as a result of negative viscosity, the transfer of energy from smaller to larger vortices, eventually leading to zonal flow. This phenomenon develops in a large scale 2-D turbulent flow generated when there is loss of stability of a Hadley cell forming at altitudes 55 to 65 km, where the absorption of solar radiation is maximal. At the same time, vorticity and temperature inhomogeneities are transferred from larger to smaller vortices, ensuring the appearance of small meridional temperature gradients. The lower lying layers are untwisted as a result of the turbulent viscosity generated by 3-D turbulence. The predominantly stable stratification is a result of stronger heating of the upper layers of the atmosphere by solar radiation. It is noted that several other explanations of superrotation have been recently published.
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