Thermodynamical and Evolutional Properties of Kerr Black-Holes

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We elucidate the physical states of rotating uncharged black holes, and present them graphically. All of a hole's quantities can be regarded as not only mechanical but also thermodynamical, and therefore we can express any one of them in terms of two other independent quantities. If we choose, e.g., entropy S and temperature T as two such independent quantities, we can plot contours of constant J, Ω and M in the S-T plane, where J, Ω and M are the hole's angular momentum, angular velocity and mass, respectively. The hole's `heat capacities' for constant J and Ω are defined by CJ = T(∂S/∂T)J and CΩ = T(∂S/∂T)Ω. The domain of existence for Kerr holes is restricted by abscissa T=0 for extreme Kerr holes and by the curve T=(ħC5/16πκBGS)1/2 for Schwarzschild holes. If we also depict contours of constant T, S and M in the J-Ω plane, Schwarzschild holes are concentrated to the origin and extreme Kerr holes are distributed on the curve Ω = (C5/4GJ)1/2. The gradients of constant S and T curves are related to CJ and CΩ by, e.g., (∂Ω/∂J)T = (CJ/CΩ) (∂Ω/∂J)S. One can easily see that CΩ <0 and (∂Ω/∂J)S > 0 always, and CJ and (∂Ω/∂J)T diverge to infinity at h =(2/31/2-1)1/2, where h= (2πκBJ/ħS) = [1 + 2πκBT/ħΩ)2]1/2 - (2πκBT/ħΩ. Divergence of CJ simply indicates that when one pours entropy, i.e. irreducible mass, down an extreme Kerr hole, its temperature begins to increase from near null, reaches the extremum where 1/CJ = 0, and then decreases approaching the Schwarzschild line T ∝ S-1/2. These state diagrams will be useful to show the evolutional as well as thermodynamical states of Kerr holes, and some evolutional paths are presented.

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