On sounding of the lunar external layers

Computer Science – Sound

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After Clementine and Lunar Prospector missions it is known that external layers of the Moon have regional peculiarities. One of the goals is to construct a shperically symmetric global interior structure model of the Moon. For this purpose, it is impossible to use only body waves. Data on free oscillation spectrum and surface waves are more suitable. It is necessary to estimate the amplitudes for different types of free oscillations due to moonquakes, and how these amplitudes depend on focal depth and excitation processes taking into account the available data on the seismic activity on the Moon and the sensitivity of current instruments. Horizontal components of the displacement are proportional to the value of the seismic moment M_0 of the source. For the largest lithosphere moonquakes M_0 ≈ (1-16) × 1021 dyn cm. The detection of seismic events on the Moon took place during 5 years. The possibility that larger moonquakes will also be detected in the future is not ruled out. Current broad band seismometers can measure accelerations ≈ 10-8 cm/s^2. Therefore, the task is to find modes that satisfy this condition, and to estimate their diagnostic capabilities. The displacements of the torsional fundamental modes are in the range of 10-29-10-26 cm if the seismic moment is taken to be unity, for the lithosphere moonquake with the seismic moment M_0=1022 dyn cm we have the displacements of order of 10-7-10-4 cm. It turned out, that the strongest lithosphere moonquake with the seismic moment M_0 ≈ 1022 dyn cm are capable to excite the torsional modes with ℓ >= 7, that can be recorded by current high sensitive broad band instruments. These modes are able to sound the external layers of the Moon to the depth of about 500 km.

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