An Evolving Radio Source in the Young Star-forming Region Cepheus A

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Ism: Individual Name: Cepheus A, Stars: Novae, Cataclysmic Variables, Radiation Mechanisms: Nonthermal, Radio Continuum: Stars

Scientific paper

Observations of Cepheus A have been carried out since 1981, covering a period of more than 13 years. In this paper we examine in detail the data on source 3(a), which consists of two nonthermal sources that are diverging with a relative transverse speed ~370 km s-1. Source 3(a)(i) is decreasing in flux density and is seen initially at both 1.46 GHz and 4.9 GHz, but in time the 4.9 GHz flux density falls below the noise level; source 3(a)(ii) is increasing in flux density but is seen only at 1.46 GHz. An application of the theory of synchrotron radiation leads to a value for the magnetic field of 3(a)(i) of 0.2 G, a total magnetic field energy of 5.5 x 1044 ergs, and an energy for the relativistic particles of ~1036 ergs. If 3(a)(ii) has a similar magnetic field, then the increase in flux density could be the result of the coupling of magnetic field energy into the acceleration of low-energy relativistic particles. The morphology of the source does not place it in any known category of radio stars, but it is probably associated with a protostar and could be evidence for a jet or the expulsion of part of the star's magnetic field.

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