Other
Scientific paper
Feb 2009
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009aipc.1094....3p&link_type=abstract
COOL STARS, STELLAR SYSTEMS AND THE SUN: Proceedings of the 15th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun.
Other
1
Surface Features, Magnetohydrodynamics And Plasmas, Electric And Magnetic Fields
Scientific paper
Our view of the Sun has changed dramatically over the past 10 years due mainly to a series of space satellites such as Yohkoh, SoHO and TRACE. This state of ferment will continue with the coming onto line last year of two other satellites, Hinode and STEREO, and next year SDO. Here we give a brief overview of the progress made in answering fundamental questions about the nature of the Sun which may have profound implications for other stars.
In the interior, helioseismology has revealed the internal rotation structure and suggested that the main solar dynamo responsible for active regions is located at the tachocline, although the details are highly uncertain and there may be a second dynamo responsible for generating small-scale ephemeral regions. In the photosphere, flux is mainly concentrated at the edges of supergranule cells, but recent high-resolution observations have suggested that extra flux is also located at granulation boundaries and Hinode has discovered much horizontal flux.
The solar corona is likely to be heated in myriads of tiny current sheets by reconnection, according to the Coronal Tectonics Model. Observations suggest that all the coronal field lines reconnect every 1.5 hours. Theory has shown that reconnection in 3D has many features that are completely different from the standard 2D picture. The solar wind is highly dynamic and complex and its acceleration mechanism may possibly be high-frequency ion-cyclotron waves. Many new features of solar flares and coronal mass ejections have been discovered, but it is not known whether the cause of the eruption is an instability or a lack of equilibrium.
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