The Grand Tack Scenario: Reconstructing The Migration History Of Jupiter And Saturn In The Disk Of Gas

Details The Grand Tack Scenario: Reconstructing The Migration History Of Jupiter And Saturn In The Disk Of Gas The Grand Tack Scenario: Reconstructing The Migration History Of Jupiter And Saturn In The Disk Of Gas

Sep 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011ess.....2.0802m&link_type=abstract

American Astronomical Society, ESS meeting #2, #8.02

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Scientific paper

Extrasolar planetary systems provide evidence for extensive migration of giant planets. However, it is usually assumed that Jupiter and Saturn did not migrate significantly. Hydrodynamical simulations show that Jupiter should have migrated inwards in the solar nebula when Saturn was not yet formed. Then Saturn, once close to its final mass, could have migrated faster than Jupiter until being caught in their mutual 2:3 mean motion resonance. Once in resonance, the two planets could have migrated outwards. We find that the inward-then-outward migration of Jupiter, with a migration reversal at 1.5AU, explains the current structure of the Solar System at an unprecedented level. It would have truncated the disk of planetesimals at about 1AU, explaining the large Earth/Mars mass-ratio. It would have also depleted, then re-populated the asteroid belt region, with inner-belt bodies originating between 1 and 3AU and outer belt bodies originating between and beyond the giant planets, thus explaining the significant compositional differences across the belt. Finally, the orbits of the giant planets when the gas is removed would correspond to the initial conditions of the "Nice model", which explains the current configuration of the outer Solar System. Therefore, we conclude that there is substantial evidence for a wide-range migration of Jupiter and Saturn in the solar nebula. Assuming that giant planets form in sequence at increasing distances from the central star, most of the observed diversity of planetary systems could stem from the occurrence or avoidance of two events: (i) the capture in resonance of the first, inner planet by the second, initially smaller one, which triggers outward migration and (ii) the growth of the outer planet beyond the mass of the inner one, which causes inward migration of both planets to resume. The Solar System structure results from the occurrence of (i) and avoidance of (ii).

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