New Observations of Spin-Orbit Alignment: Hot Stars, Cool Stars, Kepler Stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

In the Solar system, the planets follow orbits that are aligned with
the Sun's equatorial plane to within about 7 degrees. Exoplanets show
a wider variety of orbits, including some that are highly tilted and
even retrograde with respect to the rotation of the host star. This
suggests that planet migration involves few-body gravitational
interactions, which frequently disrupt the initial coplanarity of
planetary systems. Last year a possible pattern emerged: hot stars
(T>6250K) with hot Jupiters have high obliquities. I will present
stronger evidence for this pattern, based on more than a dozen new
observations of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. I will also discuss
the status of proposed explanations for this pattern, including the
possibility that the low obliquities of cool stars are a consequence
of the stronger tidal dissipation within their convective
envelopes. Finally, I will present new observations of spin-orbit
alignment for selected Kepler systems, which are qualitatively
different than the systems which have been examined to date.

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