New asteroid Ephemerides for the Astronomical Almanac

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Scientific paper

A new set of ephemerides for 15 of the largest asteroids has been produced for use in the Astronomical Almanac. The ephemerides cover the period from 1800 through 2050. The internal uncertainty in the mean longitude at epoch, 18 Dec 1997, ranges from 0\farcs05 for 7 Iris through 0\farcs22 for 65 Cybele and the uncertainty in the mean motion varies from 0\farcs02 cen.(-1) for 4 Vesta to 0\farcs14 cen.(-1) for 511 Davida. This compares very favorably with the internal errors for the outer planets in DE200. However, because the asteroids have relatively little mass and are subject to perturbations by other asteroids, the actual uncertainties in their mean motions are likely to be a few tenths of an arcsecond per century. As part of improving the ephemerides, new masses and densities were determined for 1 Ceres, 2 Pallas, and 4 Vesta, the three largest asteroids. These masses are: Ceres = (4.35 +/- 0.05) x 10(-10) M_&sun;, Pallas = (1.60 +/- 0.04) x 10(-10) M_&sun;, Vesta = (1.52 +/- 0.09) x 10(-10) M_&sun;. The mass for Ceres is smaller than most previous determinations of its mass. This smaller mass is a direct consequence of the increase in the mass determined for Pallas.

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