Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Sep 1998
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1998baas...30q1062c&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #30, #27.P08; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 30, p.1062
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
Two Infrared Space Observatory programmes (guaranteed time and open time) were devoted to high-resolution spectroscopic observations of short-period comets. 22P/Kopff was observed on October--December 1996 with the short- and long-wavelength spectrometers. Due to the weakness of the object, which was at 1.9 AU from the Sun at that moment, only the nu_3 ro-vibrational lines of water were detected, with SWS. They allowed a determination of the production rate of water in this comet and an analysis of its physical conditions. Comet 103P/Hartley 2 was observed close to its perihelion (at 1.04 AU from Sun and 0.82 AU from Earth) on January 1998 with the two spectrometers and ISOCAM. The bands of H_2O and CO_2 at 2.7 and 4.3 mu m are detected, with [CO_2]/[H_2O] = 20 %. The 2.7 mu m band of H_2O is observed with a high signal-to-noise ratio, which permits to evaluate the rotational temperature of water averaged within the field of view to 20 K, and its ortho-to-para ratio to ~ 2.7, corresponding to a spin temperature of 35 K. The 5--17 mu m spectrum of comet P/Hartley 2 observed with CAM-CVF shows the 9--12 mu m signature of silicates. A weak emission at 11.3 mu m (at a level of about 15 % of the continuum) indicates the presence of crystalline silicates. This is the first time crystalline silicates are found in a short-period comet. The ISO observations of the short-period, Jupiter-family comet P/Hartley 2, presumably originating from the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt, are to be compared to those of comet Hale-Bopp which came from the Oort cloud. They both show crystalline silicates, a high content of CO_2, and a low water ortho-to-para ratio. However, the dust-to-gas ratio of comet Hale-Bopp was much higher than that of P/Hartley 2.
Altieri Bruno
Bockelée-Morvan Dominique
Brooke Timothy Young
Crovisier Jacques
de Graauw Th.
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