Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
May 2009
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009iau...261.0918r&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, IAU Symposium #261. Relativity in Fundamental Astronomy: Dynamics, Reference Frames, and Data Ana
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
The exact modeling of external and internal perturbations acting on spacecraft becomes increasingly important as the scientific requirements become more demanding. Disturbance models included in orbit determination and propagation tools need to be improved to account for the needed accuracy. The simulation of perturbations which are caused by thermal effects are particularly challenging because the optical properties of spacecraft surfaces can change during the mission due to exposure to the space environment. At ZARM (Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity) algorithms for the simulation and analysis of thermal perturbations have been developed. These codes include the simulation of the thermal recoil force (waste heat dissipation), Earth Albedo influence as well as Solar radiation pressure. The applied methods are based on the inclusion of the actual spacecraft geometry by means of Finite Element (FE) models in the calculation of the disturbance forces. Thus the modeling accuracy is increased considerably and also housekeeping and sensor data can be included in the calculations. As an application for the developed method a test case model of the Pioneer 11 radio isotopic thermal generators is presented. For accurate thermal modeling the knowledge of optical surface properties and their change during the mission of a spacecraft is crucial. Looking at material behaviour in space, in-situ experiments are indispensable because in ground tests space environment can be simulated only partially. At ZARM a dedicated nano satellite concept has been developed which enables the low cost and repeatable observation of material behaviour in space. The concept consists of a bus cube in the center of the satellite and two experiment cubes attached at the sides which include thermal sensors for the direct measurement of the thermo-optical properties of different materials. The design and the mission will be presented and the impact on thermal modeling will be discussed.
L{ä}mmerzahl Claus
Rievers Benny
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