On the nature of impulsive electron acceleration in solar hard X-ray flares. I - Inferences from observations. II - A theory

Details On the nature of impulsive electron acceleration in solar hard X-ray flares. I - Inferences from observations. II - A theory On the nature of impulsive electron acceleration in solar hard X-ray flares. I - Inferences from observations. II - A theory

Feb 1977

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977a%26a....55...23h&link_type=abstract

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 55, no. 1, Feb. 1977, p. 23-43.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

19

Bremsstrahlung, Electron Energy, Particle Acceleration, Shock Wave Propagation, Solar Flares, Solar X-Rays, Astronomical Models, High Energy Electrons, Ion Acoustic Waves, Solar Activity Effects, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Wave Generation, Wave Interaction

Scientific paper

The nature of the impulsive electron acceleration regularly observed in solar flares is investigated on the basis of relevant observations, primarily in hard X-rays. Essential observational data are reviewed for flares that most clearly exhibit electron acceleration, the bremsstrahlung interpretation is adopted, and acceleration by a dc field or electron runaway is ruled out. Acceleration by collective wave-particle interactions is considered, with attention focused on Langmuir waves. It is proposed that Langmuir waves are most likely generated in the slow shock waves of Petschek's (1964) model of magnetic-field-line merging, after which they propagate outward and accelerate electrons in a relatively large volume. The generation mechanism of such waves in ion-acoustic turbulent shocks is then analyzed, and the question of electron acceleration is examined in some detail. The evolution of the Langmuir-wave distribution resulting in electron acceleration is computed along with the relaxation of the fast electrons back to thermal equilibrium.

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