The semi-annual variation in upper-atmosphere density deduced from the orbital decay of Cosmos 482

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Annual Variations, Atmospheric Density, Cosmos Satellites, Earth Orbital Environments, Orbit Decay, Upper Atmosphere, Elliptical Orbits, Magnetic Effects, Perigees

Scientific paper

Cosmos 482 (1972-23A) was launched on March 31, 1972. Although an escape trajectory to Venus was intended, the escape maneuver failed and the vehicle remained in a high-drag elliptical orbit about the earth. The orbit has been determined previously by King-Hele and Winterbottom (1985) at 77 epochs, and a subset of 46 of these orbits is used in this paper to determine thermospheric density values at heights near 220 km. One hundred and twenty-six such density values are obtained for the period August 1979-February 1981. Standardized to a fixed height of 222 km, and corrected for variations in exospheric temperature, these values reveal the semiannual variation in density which is discussed and compared with standard atmospheric models.

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