Different Classes of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

We examined X-ray properties of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in nearby galaxies in XMM-Newton archival data. There appear to be three distinct classes of spectra. One class shows emission from hot, diffuse plasma. This thermal emission is similar to that seen from recent supernovae; the temperatures are in the range 0.6-0.8 keV and the luminosities are the lowest in our sample, near 1039 erg/s. Three sources have spectra which are strongly curved at high energies and have the highest temperatures in our sample, 1.0-1.4 keV. These spectra are well fitted with a power-law plus multicolor disk blackbody model with the power-law dominant at low energies or a Comptonization model. The remainder of the sources are best fitted with a power-law plus multicolor disk blackbody model, as is commonly used to describe the spectra of accreting black holes. These sources have the lowest thermal component temperatures, 0.1-0.4 keV, and extend to the highest luminosities, above 1040 erg/s. This diversity of spectral shapes and the fact that the sources lie in three distinct temperature ranges suggests that the ULXs are a diverse population.

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