Strings in standard expanding FRW universes

Details Strings in standard expanding FRW universes Strings in standard expanding FRW universes

Aug 1996

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996phrvd..54.2483l&link_type=abstract

Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation, and Cosmology), Volume 54, Issue 4, 15 August 1996, pp.2483-2493

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16

Particle-Theory And Field-Theory Models Of The Early Universe, Exact Solutions, Extended Classical Solutions, Cosmic Strings, Domain Walls, Texture

Scientific paper

Using the string perturbation series approach, developed by de Vega and Sa´nchez, we solve the classical string equations of motion and constraints up to second order in string perturbations around the string center of mass in ordinary nonaccelerated power-expanding FRW universes. For large comoving time we find, for all initial configurations, that the comoving string size goes to zero while the proper string size becomes constant. In the era just after the big bang, on the other hand, we find different kinds of string evolution depending on the string mass and momentum. The evolution of strings just after the big bang essentially depends on the initial string configurations, which are of course unknown. However, by tracing backwards the string evolution towards the big bang, we find that just after the big bang strings can have arbitrary proper size (even zero proper size or infinitely large proper size). The zero proper size strings are understood as a consequence of the scale factor being zero at the big bang, while the very large proper size strings (proper size much larger than the horizon size) are interpreted as results of the high density and high temperature, supporting very long but extremely wiggly strings. We also compute energy and pressure for a gas of strings. For large comoving time, the equation of state ``oscillates'' around that for cold matter, and it follows that a matter-dominated FRW cosmology is a self-consistent solution to the Einstein equations with string sources.

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