Thermal Effect of Gravity Waves in the Upper Atmosphere and its Parameterization

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0342 Middle Atmosphere: Energy Deposition (3334), 0358 Thermosphere: Energy Deposition (3369), 3332 Mesospheric Dynamics, 3369 Thermospheric Dynamics (0358), 3384 Acoustic-Gravity Waves

Scientific paper

Previous work has demonstrated the importance of the vertical heat transport by dissipating gravity waves in addition to the momentum deposition commonly represented in gravity-wave parameterizations. This work has been initiated by the need to incorporate the heat transfer into the widely used Doppler-spread Parameterization (DSP) by C. O. Hines. The exact description of the effect, otherwise known as ``dynamical cooling," depends on partitioning of the total wave energy deposition rate between the thermal and frictional dissipation channels. Since the DSP does not explicitly distinguish between the two types of dissipation, certain assumptions have to be made. The resulting general expression relating the heat flux with the total wave energy deposition rate is then in general agreement with other studies using similar assumptions, and may be implemented within any suitable parameterization. It is noted that, as waves enter the thermosphere and become primarily dissipated by molecular viscosity and thermal conductivity, the partitioning ratio may actually change compared to that commonly assumed for the middle atmosphere. More generally, it is observed that the wave dissipation results in an increase of both the energy and entropy of the background stratification as is expected for a dissipative process. On balance, energy is deposited into the mean stratification and the familiar term ``dynamical cooling" may be somewhat misleading. The general relation may also be recommended for estimates of the net heating from available observations of wave heat fluxes in the upper atmosphere.

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