Evolution of X-ray astronomy

Details Evolution of X-ray astronomy Evolution of X-ray astronomy

Nov 1981

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981plap.rept..225r&link_type=abstract

In ESA Plasma Astrophys. p 225-249 (SEE N82-20030 10-88)

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Binary Stars, Cosmic Plasma, Intergalactic Media, Uhuru Satellite, X Ray Astronomy, Active Galaxies, Crab Nebula, Galactic Clusters, Grazing Incidence Telescopes, Heao 1, Sas, Supernovae

Scientific paper

The development of X-ray astronomy, stopping short of recent observations by grazing incidence telescope, is surveyed. The discovery in 1962 of an extrasolar X-ray source, Sco X-1, with orders of magnitude stronger than astronomers believed might exist is recounted. It turned out to belong to a class of previously unknown galactic objects, the X-ray stars. The identification of a strong X-ray source with the Crab Nebula and the identification of Sco X-1 with a faint, peculiar optical object soon followed. The demonstration that X-ray stars are binary systems, each consisting of a collapsed object (a neutron star, occasionally a black hole) accreting matter from an ordinary star, and the discovery of X-ray bursts are further milestones. The discovery of exceedingly strong X-ray emission from active galaxies, quasars and clusters of galaxies and the demonstration that in these the principal X-ray source is a hot gas filling the space between galaxies sum up results.

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