Prebiotic organic synthesis in early Earth and Mars atmospheres: Laboratory experiments with quantitative determination of products formed in a cold plasma flow reactor

Details Prebiotic organic synthesis in early Earth and Mars atmospheres: Laboratory experiments with quantitative determination of products formed in a cold plasma flow reactor Prebiotic organic synthesis in early Earth and Mars atmospheres: Laboratory experiments with quantitative determination of products formed in a cold plasma flow reactor

Nov 2007

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007icar..191..765h&link_type=abstract

Icarus, Volume 191, Issue 2, p. 765-778.

Computer Science

Scientific paper

The goal of this study was to explore prebiotic chemistry in a range of plausible early Earth and Mars atmospheres. To achieve this laboratory continuous flow plasma irradiation experiments were performed on N2/H2/CO/CO2 gas mixtures chosen to represent mildly reducing early Earth and Mars atmospheres derived from a secondary volcanic outgassing of volatiles in chemical equilibrium with magmas near present day oxidation state. Under mildly reducing conditions (91.79% N2, 5.89% H2, 2.21% CO, and 0.11% CO2), simple nitriles are produced in the gas phase with yield (G in molecules per 100 eV), for the key prebiotic marker molecule HCN at G˜1×10 (0.1 nmol J-1). In this atmosphere localized HCN concentrations possibly could approach the 10-2 M needed for HCN oligomerization. Yields under mildly oxidizing conditions (45.5% N2, 0.1% H2, 27.2% CO, 27.2% CO2) are significantly less as expected, with HCN at G˜3×10 (3×10 nmolJ). Yields in a Triton atmosphere which can be plausibly extrapolated to represent what might be produced in trace CH4 conditions (99.9% N2, 0.1% CH4) are significant with HCN at G˜1×10 (1 nmol J-1) and tholins produced. Recently higher methane abundance atmospheres have been examined for their greenhouse warming potential, and higher abundance hydrogen atmospheres have been proposed based on a low early Earth exosphere temperature. A reducing (64.04% N2, 28.8% H2, 3.60% CO2, and 3.56% CH4), representing a high CH4 and H2 abundance early Earth atmosphere had HCN yields of G˜5×10 (0.5 nmol J-1). Tholins generated in high methane hydrogen gas mixtures is much less than in a similar mixture without hydrogen. The same mixture with the oxidizing component CO2 removed (66.43% N2, 29.88% H2, 0% CO2, and 3.69% CH4) had HCN yields of G˜1×10 (0.1 nmol J-1) but more significant tholin yields.

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