Polar Terrain and Youthful Geological Processes on Mars

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Mars (Planet), Mars Surface, Planetary Geology, Geochronology, Terrain, Mars Global Surveyor, Erosion, Regolith, Stratification, Weathering, Nakhlites, Crystallization, Shergottites, Water, Aquifers, Dust, Lava, Mars Craters

Scientific paper

Increasing evidence suggests that Martian depositional and erosional, and even fluvial processes, are more active in current geologic time than had been thought a few years ago. The evidence includes the following: (1) Independently reported crystallization ages for shergottites at 100-700 Ma. (2) Dating of liquid water weathering of the nakhlite, Lafayette, at around 650 Ma. (3) Dating of the youngest lava flows at less than 100 Ma. (4) Suggestions of seeps in Mars Global Surveyor/Mars Orbital Camera (MGS/MOC) frames, implying youthful aquifers. (5) Abundant dust drifts, layering, and stratification in non-polar terrains. Some of these have virtually no craters, suggesting ongoing erosion that is exposing the surfaces. Our cratering data also suggest that older surfaces have experimental production of some meters of regolith gardening by impact since their formation. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.

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