Composition and Energy Balance of the Mars Seasonal Polar Caps from MGS

Computer Science

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Mars (Planet), Polar Caps, Mars Surface, Energy Budgets, Heat Balance, Mars Global Surveyor, Remote Sensing, Bolometers, Grain Size, Planetary Composition, Emissivity, Albedo, Infrared Radiation

Scientific paper

Remote sensing results from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) orbiter will be reported in a continuing project to analyze the surface composition, infrared emissivity, and solar albedo of the seasonal polar caps of Mars, with the goal of producing a detailed model of the heat balance for each polar cap. These properties will be inferred primarily from spectra and bolometric radiances from the thermal emission spectrometer (TES), but also reflectivity and cloud/surface detection from the Mars orbiter laser altimeter (MOLA) and images from the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC). The shortwave measurements of the solar bolometer of TES and MOC images are available only for sunlit polar caps, while the one micrometer MOLA observations are available for polar night as well, albeit only for a limited range of spacecraft altitudes and geometries. The TES spectra and thermal bolometer are usable over a wide range of altitudes and all lighting conditions. A study has already been completed using MOLA brightness data and TES spectra from two of the first 36 orbits to estimate the composition and grain size of both seasonal polar caps. Additional information can be found in the extended original abstract.

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