Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
1996-03-04
Astrophys.J.474:1-12,1997
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Minor modifications to match published version. Molecular cooling rates improved. 29 pages, with 6 figures included. Color fig
Scientific paper
10.1086/303434
The minimum mass that a virialized gas cloud must have in order to be able to cool in a Hubble time is computed, using a detailed treatment of the chemistry of molecular hydrogen. With a simple model for halo profiles, we reduce the problem to that of numerically integrating a system of chemical equations. The results agree well with numerically expensive 3D simulations, and our approach has the advantage of rapidly being able to explore large regions of parameter space. The minimum baryonic mass M_b is found to be strongly redshift dependent, dropping from 10^6 solar masses at z=15 to 5000 solar masses at z=100 as molecular cooling becomes effective. For z>>100, M_b rises again, as CMB photons inhibit H_2-formation through the H^- channel. Finally, for z>>200, the H_2^+ channel for H_2-formation becomes effective, driving M_b down towards 10^3 solar masses. With a standard CDM power spectrum with sigma_8=0.7, this implies that a fraction 10^{-3} of all baryons may have formed luminous objects by z=30, which could be sufficient to reheat the universe.
Abel Tom
Blanchard Alain
Palla Francesco
Rees Martin
Silk Joseph
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