Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2004-05-24
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
21 pages, 2 EPS figure; full version is submitted to the volume "Progress in Dark Matter Research" (Nova Science)
Scientific paper
The quantum model of the homogeneous, isotropic, and spatially closed universe predicts an existence of two types of collective quantum states in the universe. The states of one type characterize a gravitational field, the others describe a matter (uniform scalar) field. In the first stage of the evolution of the universe a primordial scalar field evolves slowly into its vacuum-like state. In the second stage the scalar field oscillates about an equilibrium due to the quantum fluctuations. The universe is being filled with matter in the form of elementary quantum excitations of the vibrations of the scalar field. The separate quantum excitations are characterized by non-zero values of their energies (masses). Under the action of gravitational forces mainly these excitations decay into ordinary particles (baryons and leptons) and dark matter. The elementary quantum excitations of the vibrations of the scalar field which have not decayed up to now form dark energy. The numerical estimations lead to realistic values of both the matter density \Omega_{M} = 0.29 (with the contributions from dark matter, \Omega_{DM} = 0.25, and optically bright baryons, \Omega_{stars} = 0.0025) and the dark energy density \Omega_{X} = 0.71 if one takes that the mean energy ~ 10 GeV is released in decay of dark energy quantum and fixes baryonic component \Omega_{B} = 0.04 according to observational data. The energy (mass) of dark energy quantum is equal to ~ 17 GeV and the energy > 2 x 10^{10} GeV is needed in order to detect it. Dark matter particle has the mass ~ 6 GeV. The Jeans mass for dark matter which is considered as a gas of such massive particles is equal to M_{J} ~ 10^{5} M_{\odot}.
Kuzmichev V. E.
Kuzmichev V. V.
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