Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2001-03-27
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
13 pages (including one table) in LaTex format of the paper by D.C. Choudhury, arXiv:astro-ph/0103456
Scientific paper
Plausible cause and effect of the big bang model are presented without violating conventional laws of physics. The initial cosmological singularity is resolved by introducing the uncertainty principle of quantum theory. We postulate that, preceding the big bang at the end of the gravitational collapse, the total observed mass including all forms of energy of the universe condensed into the primordial black hole (PBH) in a state of isotropic and minimal chaos (i.e., nearest to the absolute zero temperature). The frozen energy of the collapsed state is quantized such that each quantum of frozen energy (the cosmic particle) is characterized by the fundamental constants of the general theory of relativity and of quantum theory. The minimum size and minimum lifetime of the cosmic particle are estimated within the framework of the uncertainty principle. It is considered that these cosmic particles are bosons with intrinsic spin zero. The minimum size and thermodynamic properties of the PBH are estimated within the framework of the Bose-Einstein statistics by taking into account the total observed mass of the universe. The mechanism of the big bang is given and the currently accepted Planck temperature at the beginning of the big bang is predicted. The critical mass density, the mean mass density, and the missing mass are calculated as a function of the Hubble time of expansion. Our calculations show that the universe is closed but expanding. However, the universe remains inside the event horizon of the primordial black hole. Subj-class: cosmology: theory - pre-big bang physics; post-big bang effect.
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