Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2004-05-13
Science 304:536-542,2004
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
22 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
Scientific paper
10.1126/science.1090720
Neutron stars are some of the densest manifestations of massive objects in the universe. They are ideal astrophysical laboratories for testing theories of dense matter physics and provide connections among nuclear physics, particle physics and astrophysics. Neutron stars may exhibit conditions and phenomena not observed elsewhere, such as hyperon-dominated matter, deconfined quark matter, superfluidity and superconductivity with critical temperatures near ${10^{10}}$ kelvin, opaqueness to neutrinos, and magnetic fields in excess of $10^{13}$ Gauss. Here, we describe the formation, structure, internal composition and evolution of neutron stars. Observations that include studies of binary pulsars, thermal emission from isolated neutron stars, glitches from pulsars and quasi-periodic oscillations from accreting neutron stars provide information about neutron star masses, radii, temperatures, ages and internal compositions.
Lattimer James M.
Prakash Madappa
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