Mathematics – Dynamical Systems
Scientific paper
2011-03-07
J. Stat. Phys., 146, 181-204 (2012)
Mathematics
Dynamical Systems
Now 23 pages, including a new section 2 proposing that the mean square displacement differs from the variance of the limiting
Scientific paper
The Lorentz gas is a billiard model involving a point particle diffusing deterministically in a periodic array of convex scatterers. In the two dimensional finite horizon case, in which all trajectories involve collisions with the scatterers, displacements scaled by the usual diffusive factor $\sqrt{t}$ are normally distributed, as shown by Bunimovich and Sinai in 1981. In the infinite horizon case, motion is superdiffusive, however the normal distribution is recovered when scaling by $\sqrt{t\ln t}$, with an explicit formula for its variance. Here we explore the infinite horizon case in arbitrary dimensions, giving explicit formulas for the mean square displacement, arguing that it differs from the variance of the limiting distribution, making connections with the Riemann Hypothesis in the small scatterer limit, and providing evidence for a critical dimension $d=6$ beyond which correlation decay exhibits fractional powers. The results are conditional on a number of conjectures, and are corroborated by numerical simulations in up to ten dimensions.
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