Testing dark energy beyond the cosmological constant barrier

Details Testing dark energy beyond the cosmological constant barrier Testing dark energy beyond the cosmological constant barrier

2003-12-16

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0312424v2

Phys.Rev. D69 (2004) 083521

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.69.083521

Although well motivated from theoretical arguments, the cosmological constant \emph{barrier}, i.e., the imposition that the equation-of-state parameter of dark energy ($\omega_x \equiv p_x/\rho_x$) is $\geq -1$, seems to introduce bias in the parameter determination from statistical analyses of observational data. In this regard, \emph{phantom} dark energy or \emph{superquintessence} has been proposed in which the usual imposition $\omega \geq -1$ is relaxed. Here, we study possible observational limits to the \emph{phantom} behavior of the dark energy from recent distance estimates of galaxy clusters obtained from interferometric measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect/X-ray observations, Type Ia supernova data and CMB measurements. We find that there is much \emph{observationally} acceptable parameter space beyond the $\Lambda$ \emph{barrier}, thus opening the possibility of existence of more exotic forms of energy in the Universe.

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