Generalized LTB model with Inhomogeneous Isotropic Dark Energy: Observational Constraints

Details Generalized LTB model with Inhomogeneous Isotropic Dark Energy: Observational Constraints Generalized LTB model with Inhomogeneous Isotropic Dark Energy: Observational Constraints

2011-03-21

arxiv.org/abs/1103.4143v1

Phys.Rev.D84:023514,2011

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics

18 pages, 10 figures. The mathematica files with detailed comments used for the numerical analysis and the construction of the

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.84.023514

We consider on-center and off-center observers in an inhomogeneous, spherically symmetric, isocurvature (flat) concentration of dark energy with typical size of a few Gpc. Such a concentration could be produced e.g. by a recently formed global monopole with core size that approaches the Hubble scale. In this case we would have what may be called `topological quintessence' in analogy with the well-known topological inflation. We show that the minimum comoving radius r_{0min} of such a dark energy inhomogeneity that is consistent with the Union2 Type Ia supernovae (SnIa) data at the 3\sigma level is r_{0min}\simeq 1.8 Gpc. As expected, the best-fit fractional dark energy density at the center, \Omega_X,in, approaches the corresponding LCDM value \Omega_X,in =0.73 for large enough values of the inhomogeneity radius r_0 (r_0 > 4Gpc). Using the Union2 data, we show that the maximum allowed shift r_{obs-max} of the observer from the center of the inhomogeneity is about 0.7 r_0 which respects the Copernican principle. The model naturally predicts the existence of a preferred axis and alignment of the low CMB multipoles. However, the constraints on r_{obs-max} coming from the magnitude of the CMB dipole remain a severe challenge to the Copernican principle and lead to r_{obs-max}< 110 Mpc even for an inhomogeneity radius as large as r_0=7 Gpc.

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