Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2008-07-10
Science, 321, 1185 (2008)
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
22 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Science
Scientific paper
10.1126/science.1158088
The only supernovae (SNe) to have shown early gamma-ray or X-ray emission thus far are overenergetic, broad-lined Type Ic SNe (Hypernovae - HNe). Recently, SN 2008D shows several novel features: (i) weak XRF, (ii) an early, narrow optical peak, (iii) disappearance of the broad lines typical of SNIc HNe, (iv) development of He lines as in SNeIb. Detailed analysis shows that SN 2008D was not a normal SN: its explosion energy (KE ~ 6*10^{51} erg) and ejected mass (~7 Msun) are intermediate between normal SNeIbc and HNe. We derive that SN 2008D was originally a ~30Msun star. When it collapsed a black hole formed and a weak, mildly relativistic jet was produced, which caused the XRF. SN 2008D is probably among the weakest explosions that produce relativistic jets. Inner engine activity appears to be present whenever massive stars collapse to black holes.
Antonelli Lucio Angelo
Benetti Stefano
Bufano Filomena
Campana Sergio
Cappellaro Enrico
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