Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
2006-12-31
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
v1: 27 pages; v2: Appendix B added; v3: calculation modified; v4: Essential revision and major extension (retitled to reflect
Scientific paper
In creating his gravitational field equations Einstein assumed without justification that inertial mass, even in its equivalent form as energy, is a source of gravity. Giving up that assumption allows modifying the field equations to a form in which a positive cosmological constant is seen to (mis)represent a uniform negative net mass density of gravitationally attractive and gravitationally repulsive matter. Field equations with both positive and negative active gravitational mass densities of both primordial and continuously created matter incorporated, along with two scalar fields to 'relax the constraints' on the space-time geometry, yield cosmological solutions that exhibit inflation, deceleration, coasting, acceleration, and a 'big bounce' instead of a 'big bang', and provide good fits to a Hubble diagram of type Ia supernovae data. The repulsive matter is identified as the back sides of the 'drainholes' introduced by the author in 1973 as solutions of those same field equations. Drainholes are topological tunnels in space which gravitationally attract on their front, entrance sides and repel more strongly on their back, exit sides. The front sides serve both as the gravitating cores of the visible, baryonic particles of primordial matter and as the continuously created, invisible particles of the 'dark matter' needed to hold together the large scale structures seen in the universe; the back sides serve as the misnamed 'dark energy' driving the current acceleration of the expansion of the universe. Formation of cosmic voids, walls, filaments, and nodes is attributed to expulsion of drainhole entrances from regions populated by drainhole exits, and accumulation of the entrances on boundaries separating those regions.
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