The contribution of X-ray binaries to the evolution of late-type galaxies: Evolutionary population synthesis simulations

Details The contribution of X-ray binaries to the evolution of late-type galaxies: Evolutionary population synthesis simulations The contribution of X-ray binaries to the evolution of late-type galaxies: Evolutionary population synthesis simulations

2011-03-11

arxiv.org/abs/1103.2199v2

2011, ApJ, 733, 5

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

8 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, now available at http://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/73

Scientific paper

X-ray studies of normal late-type galaxies have shown that non-nuclear X-ray emission is typically dominated by X-ray binaries, and provides a useful measure of star formation activity. We have modeled the X-ray evolution of late-type galaxies over the $\sim$ 14 Gyr of cosmic history, with an evolutionary population synthesis code developed by Hurley et al. Our calculations reveal a decrease of the X-ray luminosity-to-mass ratio $L_{\rm X}/M$ with time, in agreement with observations (Fig.~7$a$). We show that this decrease is a natural consequence of stellar and binary evolution and mass accumulating process in galaxies. The X-ray-to-optical luminosity ratio $L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm B}$ is found to be fairly constant (around $\sim 10^{30}$ erg\,s$^{-1}$$L_{\rm B,\odot}^{-1}$, Fig.~7$b$), and insensitive to the star formation history in the galaxies. The nearly constant value of $L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm B}$ is in conflict with the observed increase in $L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm B}$ from $z=0$ to 1.4. The discrepancy may be caused by intense obscured star formation activity that leads to nonlinear relationship between X-ray and B-band emission.

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