Webs, Lenard schemes, and the local geometry of bihamiltonian Toda and Lax structures

Details Webs, Lenard schemes, and the local geometry of bihamiltonian Toda and Lax structures Webs, Lenard schemes, and the local geometry of bihamiltonian Toda and Lax structures

1999-03-13

arxiv.org/abs/math/9903080v3

Mathematics

Differential Geometry

51 pages. The second revision of this paper introduced references to new papers \cite{Tur99Equi} and \cite{Zakh99Kro}, expande

Scientific paper

We introduce a criterion that a given bihamiltonian structure allows a local coordinate system where both brackets have constant coefficients. This criterion is applied to the bihamiltonian open Toda lattice in a generic point, which is shown to be locally isomorphic to a Kronecker odd-dimensional pair of brackets with constant coefficients. This shows that the open Toda lattice cannot be locally represented as a product of two bihamiltonian structures. In a generic point the bihamiltonian periodic Toda lattice is shown to be isomorphic to a product of two open Toda lattices (one of which is a (trivial) structure of dimension 1). While the above results might be obtained by more traditional methods, we use an approach based on general results on geometry of webs. This demonstrates a possibility to apply a geometric language to problems on bihamiltonian integrable systems, such a possibility may be no less important than the particular results proven in this paper. Based on these geometric approaches, we conjecture that decompositions similar to the decomposition of the periodic Toda lattice exist in local geometry of the Volterra system, the complete Toda lattice, the multidimensional Euler top, and a regular bihamiltonian Lie coalgebra. We also state general conjectures about geometry of more general ``homogeneous'' finite-dimensional bihamiltonian structures. The class of homogeneous structures is shown to coincide with the class of system integrable by Lenard scheme. The bihamiltonian structures which allow a non-degenerate Lax structure are shown to be locally isomorphic to the open Toda lattice.

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