On the cosmological backreaction for large distance modifications of gravity

Details On the cosmological backreaction for large distance modifications of gravity On the cosmological backreaction for large distance modifications of gravity

2009-07-23

arxiv.org/abs/0907.4116v2

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics

15 pages. The paper is divided into sections, text+equations+references are added, all to further clarify and substantiate t

Scientific paper

Every theory that modifies gravity at cosmological distances and that is not already ruled out by the Solar system observations must exhibit some nonlinear mechanism that turns off the modification close to a compact matter source. Given this nonlinearity, one might expect such a theory to show a large gravitational backreaction, i.e. an order one influence of the small scale inhomogeneities on the large scale evolution of the Universe. We argue that this is not necessarily the case. If the dominant nonlinear terms in the equations obey a shift symmetry, the averaged effect of the nonlinearities can be small, although the effect on small scales is large. This happens for DGP (-like) modifications and so called f(G) (or Gauss-Bonnet) models. For both type of models the shift symmetry is part of the larger "Galilean" symmetry.

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