Solving the discrepancy among the light elements abundances and WMAP

Details Solving the discrepancy among the light elements abundances and WMAP Solving the discrepancy among the light elements abundances and WMAP

2004-02-23

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0402522v3

Phys.Lett. B597 (2004) 1-10

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

8 pages, 5 figures;(v2) Sec I and II-A are extended, 2 figures are added

Scientific paper

10.1016/j.physletb.2004.07.011

Within the standard big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) framework, the baryon density measured by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) or the primordial D abundance is much higher than the one measured by the $^4$He or $^7$Li abundances. To solve the discrepancy, we propose a scenario in which additional baryons appear after BBN. We show that simply adding the baryons can not be a solution but the existence of a large lepton asymmetry before BBN makes the scenario successful. These extra baryons and leptons, in addition to the initial baryons which exist before the BBN, can be all produced from $Q$-balls.

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