Detectability of Extrasolar Planets in Radial Velocity Surveys

Details Detectability of Extrasolar Planets in Radial Velocity Surveys Detectability of Extrasolar Planets in Radial Velocity Surveys

2004-08-25

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0408470v1

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

MNRAS, in press (12 pages, 13 figures)

Scientific paper

10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08275.x

Radial velocity surveys are beginning to reach the time baselines required to detect Jupiter analogs, as well as sub-Saturn mass planets in close orbits. Therefore it is important to understand the sensitivity of these surveys at long periods and low amplitudes. In this paper, I derive analytic expressions for the detectability of planets at both short and long periods, for circular and eccentric orbits. I suggest an extension of the Lomb-Scargle periodogram for Keplerian orbits, and describe how to estimate the false alarm probability associated with a Keplerian fit. Using this to investigate the detectability of eccentric orbits shows that there are significant selection effects against eccentric orbits for e>0.6, and the small number of highly eccentric planets discovered so far may reflect this. Finally, I present a Bayesian approach to the periodogram, which emphasises the equivalence of least squares and periodogram techniques.

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