The End of the Age Problem, And The Case For A Cosmological Constant Revisited

Details The End of the Age Problem, And The Case For A Cosmological Constant Revisited The End of the Age Problem, And The Case For A Cosmological Constant Revisited

1997-06-23

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9706227v1

Astrophys.J.501:461-466,1998

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

15 pages, Latex, including 2 eps figs, submitted to Science

Scientific paper

10.1086/305846

The lower limit on the age of the universe derived from globular cluster dating techniques, which previously strongly motivated a non-zero cosmological constant, has now been dramatically reduced, allowing consistency for a flat matter dominated universe with a Hubble Constant, $H_0 \le 66 km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}$. The case for an open universe versus a flat universe with non-zero cosmological constant is reanalyzed in this context, incorporating not only the new age data, but also updates on baryon abundance constraints, and large scale structure arguments. For the first time, the allowed parameter space for the density of non-relativistic matter appears larger for an open universe than for a flat universe with cosmological constant, while a flat universe with zero cosmological constant remains strongly disfavored. Several other preliminary observations suggest a non-zero cosmological constant, but a definitive determination awaits refined measurements of $q_0$, and small scale anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave background. I argue that fundamental theoretical arguments favor a non-zero cosmological constant over an open universe. However, if either case is confirmed, the challenges posed for fundamental particle physics will be great.

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