Towards the observation of Hawking radiation in Bose--Einstein condensates

Details Towards the observation of Hawking radiation in Bose--Einstein condensates Towards the observation of Hawking radiation in Bose--Einstein condensates

2001-10-06

arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0110036v1

Int.J.Mod.Phys. A18 (2003) 3735

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

revtex4; 5 pages in double-column format

Scientific paper

10.1142/S0217751X0301615X

Acoustic analogues of black holes (dumb holes) are generated when a supersonic fluid flow entrains sound waves and forms a trapped region from which sound cannot escape. The surface of no return, the acoustic horizon, is qualitatively very similar to the event horizon of a general relativity black hole. In particular Hawking radiation (a thermal bath of phonons with temperature proportional to the ``surface gravity'') is expected to occur. In this note we consider quasi-one-dimensional supersonic flow of a Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC) in a Laval nozzle (converging-diverging nozzle), with a view to finding which experimental settings could magnify this effect and provide an observable signal. We identify an experimentally plausible configuration with a Hawking temperature of order 70 n K; to be contrasted with a condensation temperature of the order of 90 n K.

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