Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2001-03-21
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
25 pages, 11 figures, to appear in the PASP (July 2001)
Scientific paper
10.1086/322136
We discuss properties of the atmospheric water vapor above the high Andean plateau region known as the Llano de Chajnantor, in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. A combination of radiometric and radiosonde measurements indicate that the median column of precipitable water vapor (PWV) above the plateau at an elevation of 5000 m is approximately 1.2 mm. The exponential scaleheight of the water vapor density in the median Chajnantor atmosphere is 1.13 km; the median PWV is 0.5 mm above an elevation of 5750 m. Both of these numbers appear to be lower at night. Annual, diurnal and other dependences of PWV and its scaleheight are discussed, as well as the occurrence of temperature inversion layers below the elevation of peaks surrounding the plateau. We estimate the background for infrared observations and sensitivities for broad band and high resolution spectroscopy. The results suggest that exceptional atmospheric conditions are present in the region, yielding high infrared transparency and high sensitivity for future ground-based infrared telescopes.
Barry Don
Cordes James
Darling Jeremy
Eikenberry Stephen Scott
Giovanelli Riccardo
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