Dynamics and energetics of the solar chromosphere

Computer Science – Sound

Scientific paper

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Sun, Chromosphere, Oscillations, Waves

Scientific paper

We present a summary of results from a number of observational programs carried out with the SUMER instrument on board SOHO. Most datasets show clear quasi-periodic dynamic behavior ("grains") in contiunuum intensities with frequencies 3-10 mHz. Corresponding grains are seen in intensities and velocities in neutral lines, normally with phase differences consistent with upward propagating sound-waves. We compare the observations with 1D radiation hydrodynamic simulations using MDI Doppler-shifts to set the lower boundary. For continua formed in the mid-chromosphere we find that the simulations give a good match to the intensity fluctuations but that the minimum intensity is too low. We find that high frequency acoustic waves (missing from the current simulations) are unlikely to give the extra heating necessary because of the strong radiative damping (90-99%) of such waves in the photosphere. In continua formed in the low chromosphere the mean intensity is similar in the simulations and the observations but the simulated fluctuations are too large. The reported findings are consistent with a picture where a basic intensity level is set by a magnetic heating process even in the darkest internetwork areas with superimposed intensity variations caused by acoustic waves.

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