Mapping of Shocked Molecular Gas in the Supernova Remnant W44

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The supernova remnant W44 is expanding into dense molecular gas. We earlier obtained a small (80”x80”) map of CO emission from W44 and found a spatial correlation between CO line emission and centimeter wave synchrotron continuum emission (Frail and Mitchell 1998). To explore this surprising correlation further, we have obtained larger maps of W44 in the CO J=3-2 transition. One map is 6x12 arcminutes in size and encompasses the OH (1720 MHz) masers D, E, and F (in the notation of Claussen et al. 1997). The other CO map is 3x6 arcminutes in size and includes the OH masers B and C. The CO maps have a resolution of 13 arcseconds. Broad CO lines (30 to 50 km/s), indicative of shocked gas, are present in both maps. The shocked molecular gas takes the form of clumpy arcs and extended filaments. A comparison between the shocked CO and a 1442 MHz continuum map of comparable resolution (Claussen et al. 1997) shows the following: (1) Some of the shocked CO features coincide with features in the continuum map. (2) Other CO-emitting features do not show corresponding continuum emission. (3) Some bright continuum arcs have no associated molecular emission. The observed coincidences between molecular and synchrotron emission are surprising because models of supernova shocks in a molecular cloud (e.g. Bykov et al. 2000) predict that the synhrotron emitting arcs are radiative shells formed in the interclump, atomic, gas.

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