Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufm.p62b..12r&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #P62B-12
Mathematics
Logic
5415 Erosion And Weathering, 5464 Remote Sensing, 5470 Surface Materials And Properties, 5494 Instruments And Techniques
Scientific paper
The physical and erosional environments on Earth and Mars are clearly very different, however current instruments orbiting each planet offer a unique opportunity for comparative studies. Thermal infrared (TIR) images from the Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) instrument now returning data from Mars offer the potential of mapping very small regions, with detection limits as low as 500 - 1000 m2. The Earth-orbiting Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) instrument compares favorably to the spectral and spatial resolution of THEMIS and can be used to test spectral analysis models. However, accurate mineral identification using techniques such as linear deconvolution can be hindered by the multispectral resolution of these instruments, the robustness of current spectral libraries, and complicating surface factors such as dust. The accuracy and confidence in such modeling approaches must rely on precursor field and laboratory investigations that develop a methodology for quantitative extraction of mineralogy using scale-dependant modeling, while completely exploring the data sets. The fundamental goal of remote sensing measurements, whether in the laboratory or from space, is to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the object under study. One technique employed to ascertain the surface mineralogy is spectral deconvolution, which has been used for a variety of scientific problems involving mixture analyses. This methodology is constrained by several assumptions in order to provide meaningful results. Foremost, the approach allows a maximum number of end-members equal to one plus the total number of equations or instrument wavelengths. This becomes a critical limitation in attempting to deconvolve multispectral data using large spectral end-member libraries. In other words, analyses of these data sets requires a robust search algorithm to winnow mineral libraries for the best possible subset of end-member spectra. This approach is currently being investigated through the use of a combinatorial deconvolution model. Much of the development and testing of this model was carried out on Mars surface analogs such as active dune fields, recent impact craters, and hydrothermal volcanic terrains. In addition, laboratory and field-based TIR spectra have been incorporated. The initial results are promising, with the model correctly identifying the proper suite of end-members in over 94% of the pixels within the dune image. These values of the derived surface percentage also compared very well with previous results. Further analysis of similar proxy data sets should provide insights into fundamental geologic surface processes, and help close the loop between terrestrial and planetary remote sensing.
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