Finding Triple Stars Among Cool + Hot Binaries

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Scientific paper

Out of a sample of 134 systems having evolved primaries, upper main sequence secondaries, and good IUE data, about 10% were already known or suspected to be at least triple systems. Another 10% are now being identified as probable systems having at least 3 components within 3 arcsec of each other. By analysis of IUE spectra and optical photometry, and independent of their angular separation, we have derived Δ V between each cool primary and hot secondary. We also derived more accurate component temperatures than are generally possible by classification of the composite spectra. The temperatures and Δ V are fitted to isochrones, and component masses are thereby estimated. All available data for each system are then examined for mutual consistency. Some ways in which multiplicity is indicated include: (1) SB1 systems where a greater secondary mass than estimated is needed for consistency with the SB1 parameters; (2) a calculated semi-major axis much smaller than observed; (3) a Δ V from above analysis much different from that observed; (4) and similarly, Tycho B and V component magnitudes not consistent with the initial UV-optical analysis. In the newly identified probable triple systems, it is generally the hot secondary which must actually be double. One new triple system, HD 149379, has an F giant in the brief first crossing of the Hertzsprung Gap.

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