On the Association between WMAP and Galactic Neutral Hydrogen Small-scale Structure.

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Comparison of an all-sky map of the high-frequency continuum emission observed by WMAP and a map of the integrated emission from interstellar HI reveals very obvious associations in a few high latitude areas. It turns out that in those directions, which include the well-known anomalous velocity features known as HVCs MI and MII, there is so little low-velocity emission present that these features stand out in the map of total HI column density. MI and MII are found to be clearly associated with small-scale structure in the CMB. Several hundred such associations have now been found. It is proposed that free-free emission from electrons associated with unresolved structure at the interface between HI features interacting with one another or with surrounding interstellar plasma produces high-frequency continuum emission. The velocity at which this happens depends only on local conditions and in general this phenomenon is overlooked when the WMAP data are compared with maps of HI total column density since emission at unrelated velocities tends to blur the view. When the HI data are examined in narrow velocity bands the phenomena grows more obvious. Tests using higher resolution observations may allow a decision to be made as to what fraction of the small-scale structure observed in the CMB is truly cosmological in origin.

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