Super-luminal expansion in extragalactic radio sources

Details Super-luminal expansion in extragalactic radio sources Super-luminal expansion in extragalactic radio sources

May 1977

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977natur.267..211b&link_type=abstract

Nature, vol. 267, May 19, 1977, p. 211-216. NSF-supported research.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

116

Extragalactic Radio Sources, Light Speed, Radio Astronomy, Relativistic Plasmas, Blast Loads, Clouds, Detonation Waves, Doppler Effect, Dynamic Models, Gas Dynamics, Kinematics, Radio Emission, Radio Interferometers

Scientific paper

VLBI observations of compact extragalactic radio sources have indicated that the two or more components of such sources are moving apart at apparent transverse velocities of more than twice the speed of light. The various theoretical models that have been proposed to explain this phenomenon are reviewed and assessed, emphasizing the theoretical and observational uncertainties that must be resolved before these objects can be reliably interpreted. A loose kinematic classification is given for the physical models considered, and the dynamics of relativistic expansion is examined for the free expansion of a uniform cloud of relativistic gas, for relativistic blast waves, and for a fast-moving condensed object. The kinematics of the different models is discussed, and the Doppler effect is evaluated. It is suggested that the most attractive theoretical explanations involve the illumination of an appropriately shaped screen by a 'signal' (e.g., a relativistic blast wave or a pulse of low-frequency radiation) moving at the speed of light and originating from a more compact central source. Observational tests are proposed for discriminating among the various models.

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