Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
May 1977
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977a%26a....57..395r&link_type=abstract
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 57, no. 3, May 1977, p. 395-400.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
157
G Stars, Giant Stars, K Stars, Red Giant Stars, Stellar Mass Ejection, Stellar Winds, Supergiant Stars, Absorption Spectra, Line Spectra, M Stars, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Spectra
Scientific paper
Circumstellar Ca II H and K absorption lines indicating mass-loss have been found in all K giants, G and K supergiants cooler and more luminous than a line in the HR-diagram defined by (Spectral type K5, absolute magnitude = 0.0), (K4, -1), (K2, -1.8) and (G5, -4). Appearance and time variations of the CS lines are discussed. The circumstellar origin of the violet shifted Ca II absorption lines found in K giants is proved in the cases of the spectroscopic binaries mu UMa and xi Cyg. The limit for the visibility of the circumstellar lines is mainly caused by the ionization of Ca II. Two stars with CS lines below this limit support evidence that duplicity and/or rotation may enhance mass-loss from red giants. A survey of observed stellar wind velocities in the whole red giant region is given.
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