Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Aug 1977
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977rvgsp..15..257z&link_type=abstract
Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, vol. 15, Aug. 1977, p. 257-269.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
45
Geomagnetism, M Region, Magnetic Variations, Solar Activity Effects, Solar Corona, Solar Wind, Astronomical Models, Solar Wind Velocity, Spaceborne Astronomy, Wind Profiles
Scientific paper
Coronal holes, regions of unusually low density and low temperature in the solar corona, are identified as Bartel's M regions, i.e., sources of high-speed wind streams that produce recurrent geomagnetic variations. Throughout the Skylab period the polar caps of the sun were coronal holes, and at lower latitudes the most persistent and recurrent holes were equatorial extensions of the polar caps. The holes rotated 'rigidly' at the equatorial synodic rate. They formed in regions of unipolar photospheric magnetic field, and their internal magnetic fields diverged rapidly with increasing distance from the sun. The geometry of the magnetic field in the inner corona seems to control both the physical properties of the holes and the global distribution of high-speed wind streams in the heliosphere. Phenomenological models for the birth and decay of coronal holes have been proposed.
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