Astrolabe Observations of the Sun on the HIPPARCOS Reference Frame

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

The results from the 1974/1991 set of Sun observations with astrolabes at Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and at Calern are discussed from the point of view of the improvement of precision brought by employing Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) described in the Hipparcos reference frame. The new series of EOP used here are based on the H37P preliminary set of Hipparcos positions, aligned to the ICRS (Vondrak et al. 1996, Vondrak 1996). We introduce the differences between this series and the IERS series previously used for the set of Sun observations (Penna et al. 1996) and the difference on the observation residuals are analyzed. Sorting by zenith distances, it is shown that the residuals dispersion is consistently smaller when the new series is employed (up to a 15 per cent gain for z=37 deg). Also, the standard deviations for the Standard Weighted Global Solution show the same trend. The gain is reduced, though, for the largest zenith distances. Taking all data together there is no important gain on the precision for the Standard Weighted Global Solution. Confirming the good quality of the IERS stellar reference frame, the values of the parameters describing the orientation of the observational reference frame nearly do not change. As for the parameters describing the Earth orbit, the correction to the obliquity of ecliptic, which formerly displayed an unexpected high value (0.43 arcsec), drops to 0.27 arcsec.

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